Doorcheck



March 5, 1929.

c. RosENTHAL ET Al.

DOORCHECK Filed June 22, 1927 Patented Mar. 5, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICIEQ` CERF nosENTHAL AND HUBERT `incrk Aamsrniin, or sur FRANCISCO, calmonma; Assrexons or ONE-HALF To J. w. eurnnnsou anni. c. ernaar.

DOOBCBECJL Application `led` J une 22,

Our invention relates `to that classof doorchecks in which the restrictive circulation of a confined iuid serves as a yielding resistance to the closing of the door. n

Oui' invention consists essentially in a yielding resistance member, and a presser member in position to make and break Contact with the resistance member by the closing and opening respectively of the door. In its best- 1o i'orni. the resistance member comprises a novell assembly of a barrel, a rccipi'ocative piston, and a confined circulating liquid body; and the presser member is a` stud adapted to operate the piston. The general obJect oi our invention is to provide a simple, cheap and eiicient door check having special advantages which will hereinafter be fully pointed out in connection with the following description of its structure and operation.

illustrated our door-check in its preferred form, it being understood that changes may be made in structure, form and arrangement without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the claims hereunto appended.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a view of our device in which the presser member is 1n ele va-v tion and the resistance member is in lonfritudinal section, taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2, the two members being separated in position ready to operate. y

Fig. 2 is a. longitudinal section taken on the line 2? of Fig. l

Fig'. 3 is a sectional View taken iu the same plane as that ot Fig. 1, but showing' the. two

members in position at the i-,oinpletion of their operation. T

Fi i is :i section on the line iw/l ot li ig. Fig. 5 is a section on the line o:t Fig. l. 6 is a horizontal section indicat` ng the closed relation of the doorand door frame, with the members of the door check indicated in plan.

Figs. T and 8 are fragmentary sectional views showing a modification, in which there is substituted for the spring to return the pis ton, an automatic coupling adapted to return said piston and to make and break connection su therewith.

l is a barrel having its rear end closed and its front end open. Fitted in the front end of the barrel is an annular nipple 2, the" inner end of which forms a stop, defining the limit of the return stroke of the piston. The pis- In the accompanying drawings, we have isz?. serial mi. 200,584.

ton as a whole comprises what may be termed the plunger pro er indicated by 3 and `the stein portion marlied 4. i The lunger reci rocates within the bore of theliarrel 1 and t ie stem el recipi'ocates withinthe bore of the nipple 2, both portions being properly litted and packed, as shown at 5. `The plunger 3 has a through port (i, the outereiid of which is fitted with a check valve 7 in the form of a ball, `and opens directly into a cross port 8 formed in the stein d at its junction with the plunger Iii the wall of the barrel 1 is a by-pass 9 which leads from the inner end oft-he barrel i towards its front end, and there opens in; wardly through notches l() formed in the innerend oi' the stop nipple 2 and communicates with the interior or bore` of the barrel 1 around the stein 4. A screw valve 1l seated in the `barrel and accessible from the exterior controls the capacity of the by-pass 9. `Associated with the barrel l, preferably formed therewith, isa member 1Q which from its function may be termed an overflow chamber. It communicates with the cross port 8 of the stein 4 through a port 13, Fig. 4, and in itsto it has an air vent l2', Figsl and 3. Inthe y ore of the barrel l at its inner end are formedrelief passages in the form of depressions 14 inthe bore wall. i

A spring 15 is ttedwitliin the plunger 3 and bears upon the closed end ofthe barrel 1 and upon the plunger. y This spring is best made tapering so that under coiiipiession it will nest itself in small compass. The stein 4 is hollowed out al: 1u `for lightness and is fitted with :i cap 11il on its outer end. which cari-ies the barrel 1 and its associated [mi-ts. und by which it is secured either to the door or to the door traino here shown, for illustrz-ition, :is fitted to the door frame 18 in a suitable inortise therein, Figs. 2 and 3. 19 is a presser stud adapted by its conical shape for 17 is a plate easy contact with the cap 16 of the stein 4,

and to readily enter the front end of the barrel. The stud has a plate 2() by which it is secured in opposing relation to the barrel l,` A

either to the door trame or to the door as the case may be, here shown, for illustration, as fitted to the door 21, Figs. 2 and 3.

A fluid, preferably oil, indicated by 22, `is confined within` the barrel 1 and its overliow chamber 12. The operationis as follows:` As the door 21 closes under whatever impulse itI may receive, say.` for example,` a spring, the stud 19 contacts with the cap 16of the Stem iio 4 and presses said stein and its plunger 3 inward. The check valve 7 closes and the spring l5 eondenses on thi,` strolie of the piston. The oil in the inner end of the barrel is forced through the 1oy-pass 9, and, passing through the cross port 8, enters the overflow chamber l2 through the port 13, the air escaping through the vent l2. T he resistance oti'ered by the circulating oil checks the initial and normally increasing impetus ofthe closing door, until, When this iinpetus, on account of the nearness of the door to its closed position is of no consideration far as the noise of slamming concerned, and is in fact ef:- sential to overconu the resistance of the latch, the plunger 3 has reached the relief passages lrl, and passing along thein, opens communicat-ion with both sides, and thereby relieves the pressure just as the door is about to close, so that this final act is devoid of resistanc A, and tales place with certainty and Without slain- A ining.

As the door is opened and the stud `19 withdraws from the cap lo of the stern Li, the spring l5 nieves the plunger 3 outward, its return stroke, being liinited by Contact with the notched inner end of' the nipple 2, Fig. E2.

V Upon this stroke, the check valve 7 opens, and

the oil returns freni the chamber l2 through the port 13 and around the piston stein and through the stein port 8, and piston port G to fill the inner end of the barrel, and thus reestablish the normal conditions. By adjusting the screw valve ll, the deviceniay be readily adapted for wh atever degree of resistance nia-y be required of it. It will also be seen that the construction and arrangement of they double-portioned piston, provides for a thorough packing of the entire piston, and also furnishes by reason of the nipple Q, both a cylinder bore Jfor the piston stein and a. stop for defining the liinit of the return s .olie ol the plunger. lt will also be noted that the overflow chamber l2 avoids the necessity of an accurately established volruue oi oih and by reason of its surplus, provides for less attention to compensate for evapmfation and possible leakage. Also, that by equalinug'; the pressure, due to the passages ll, the door is relieved .from the checking influence at the tinie when it should be reinoved, namely just as the door is about to close. It will also be noted that due to theair vented overflow chamber l2, the liquid body is at all tunes under atmospheric pressure, thus avoiding the liability ofl leakage an d conseguent attention to packing such as would be necesi-:ary if' said body were under higher pressure.

In Figs. 7 and S We have shown a modification in respect to the ineans for returning the piston. Instead of a spring such as has been disclosed hereinabove, ive inay use an automat-ic coupling between the presser stud and the stein of the piston. This coupling may be of any suitable forni adapted for autober l2, it should be pointed out that such a chamber is onl necessar in case the volume of oil content be too great for the capacity of the barrel'l on the stein side of the piston. lt is quite apparent, therefore, tl if the oil used be reduced in voluine to the capacity ot' `he barrel-space on said sid` and said space be air-vented, just as the overflow chamber is vented, said chan'iber is not required, since on the forward stroke of the pif, on 'the air iu front acts as a shock-absorber and the choching oil is fully taken care of in said 'stein side space. This in fact what happens even when the vented overflow chamber present, .since said chainber may be regarded as part of the space on the stein side of the piston, and sufficient in capacity to take care of all of' the oil even though the iatter, as shovvn in Tnig. l, entirely fills the space in front of the piston.

Vile claiin l. A door-cheek comprising a barrel having a restrictive by-pass connecting its end portions and having also an air vented overflow chaniber for a fluid content; a ported, voire-controlled piston fitted Within said barrel adapted by its reciprocation to circulate said fluid content; a presser ineniber in position upon the closing of the door to contact with said piston and press itin; and a spring Within the barrel for returning said piston upon the opening of the door.

2. A. door-check comprising a barrel having al restrictive by-pass connecting its end portions; and an air vented overflow chainber for a fluid content; an annular nipple litted in the outer end of the lairrcl g a reciproci tive piston ttor circulating said fluid content, said piston comprising a ported valve controlieifl plunger portion and a stein portion of smaller diameter, said plunger and stein being fitted for recioroc'L said `ion within barrel and nipple, respectively, the inner end of the nipple functioning as a stop to liinit the return stroke of the piston by Contact with its plunger portion, and said stein portion having a port placing the outer end of the by-pass, the overflow chamber and the ported plunger in communication; a presser nien'iber in position, on closing the door, to Contact with the stein portion of the piston and press it in, and lneans for return ing said piston upon opening the door.

e. il door-check comprising a` barrel having a restrictive bj1-pass connecting its end portions; and an air if'ented oiferfloiv chamber for a fluid content, an annular nipple `fitted in the outer end of' the barrel; a reciprocative piston for circulating said fluid content, said lili) llf) piston comprising a ported valve controlled plunger portion and a stem portion of smaller diameter, said plunger and stem being litted i'or reciprocation within said barrel and nipple, respectively, the inner end of the nipple functioning as a stop to limit the return stroke ot the piston by contact with its plunger portion, and said stem portion having a port placing the outer end ot' the by-pass, the overflow chamber and theaported plunger in communication, said barrel having in its inner end portion relief passages for equalizing tluid pressure on each side of the plunger as it appro*L ches the limit of its inward stroke; a presser member in position, on closing the door, to Contact with the stem portion ot' the piston and press it iu, and means for return-V ing said piston upon opening the door.

4. A door-check clnnprising a barrel having a by-pass connecting its end port-ions., one ot' said end portions being closed, and the other air vented; a ported, valve-controlled piston fitted Within said barrel adapted by its reciprocation to circulate a fluid content; and a presser member in position to make and break pressure Contact with said piston upon the closing and opening movements, respectively, ot' the door.

5. A door Check comprising a barrel having one closed end and the other end vented to the utmosphere; a restrictive conduit connecting the end portions of said barrel; a

`valve controlled reliet conduit connecting said end portions for fluid Aflow in one direction; and a piston in said barreladapted by its movement to circulate a fluid content of the barrel through said conduits.

6. A door check comprising a barrel adapted to contain a fluid and having one `closed end and the other end vented to the atmosphere; a piston operable in said barrel to cir culnte said fluid; and means connecting the end portions ot said barrel and adapted to provide restricted fluid flow in one direction und relatively it'ree flow in the other.

7. A door check comprising a barrel adapted to contain a fluid; a piston operable in said barrel to circulate said Huid; `means connecting the end portions of said barrel and adapt-` ed to provide restricted fluid flow in one direction and relatively free flow in the other; and a reservoir comlnunicatinr with Said barrel tor containing a supply olasaid fluid.

S. A door check comprising a barrel adapted to contain a fluidand havingone closed end and the other vented to the atmosphere; i

a piston operable in `said barrel to circulate said Huid means connecting the end portions of said barrel and adapted to provide restricted fluid flow in One direction and `relatively free How in the other; a presser member adapted i'or Contact with said piston to move it in the direction ot' restricted fluid and relatively free flow in the other; a res ervoir conmiunicating with said barrel for containing n supply of said fluid; a presser member adapted for separablecontact with said piston to move itin the direction ofre stricted fluid tlovi; and a spring for moving said piston in the opposite direction..

`10. A door cheek comprising a casin hav` ing greater height than Width and a apted for insertion in a door frame.` said casing having a horizontally disposed barrel and a reservoir substantially in vertical. ali ment therewith; a piston operable in said arrel;

means connecting the end portions of said barrel and adapted to provide restricted Huid flow in one direction and relatively free flow in the other; a presser member adapted to be carried by the door for separable contact with said piston to move it in One direction; and means for moving said piston 1n the other direction.

In testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specification.

CER-F ROSENTHAL. HUBERT MCL. ARMISTEAD. 

